1-3 SmartBook Assignment: Chapter 2
1. Data that are generally expressed with words, rather than numbers, are known as ___ Variables.
a. Categorical
2. The nominal scale of measurement is used to
a. Categorize unranked data.
3. A significant weakness of the ordinal scale is
a. No clear meaning to differences between the rank values.
4. The interval scale of measurement
a. Has meaningful differences between values.
b. Does not have a meaningful zero point.
5. Match the following words to their definitions: observation (obs), variable, data set.
a. Obs > single value
b. Variable > characteristic of interest
c. Data set > all values of all characteristics in a study
6. Which of the following characteristics of interest is a variable?
a. The number of pizzas ordered from Pizza Hut per day.
7. What type of data can have an infinite number of values and can be any value within an interval?
a. Continuous
8. XYZ Corporation made a profit of $3 million last year. ABC Corporation mad a profit of $6
million last year. Based on the ratio scale, which of the following is accurate statement about the
relationship between ABC’s profits and XYZ’s profits?
a. XYZ was half as profitable as ABC.
9. Which of the following are examples of the nominal scale?
a. Social Security numbers.
b. Specialty sandwiches named after a fast-food restaurant.
c. Designating males as one and females as 2 to compare gender performance on an aptitude
test.
10. ___ data categorizes and ranks qualitative variables.
a. Ordinal
11. Which of the following are examples of the interval scale of measurement?
a. Many Likert scales
b. A customer’s satisfaction score
12. The ratio scale of measurement
a. Uses the value zero as a meaningful value
b. Is the strongest, or most sophisticated, of the measurement scale.
c. Can be used to measure cross-section and time series data.
13. Northern University’s College of Business want to determine the average starting salary for last
year’s graduates of its College of Business; what is the population that the College should survey
from?
a. All of last year’s graduates from Northern’s College of Business
14. A __ is a subset of a population
a. Sample
15. Sampling, rather than surveying an entire population, can offer substantial benefits. Some of
those benefits include
a. Gaining information about a population of indefinite size
b. Saving money and time
16. A __ is a numerical summary of a sample, whereas a __ is a numerical summary that describes a
population.
a. Statistic
b. Parameter
17. A __ includes all members of the group of interest
a. Population
18. Samples are primarily
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b. Looking only at selected items from a population.
19. In order to create a simple representation of the population, the analyst should use a __ sampling
technique.
a. Random
20. Match sample and census with their corresponding features.
a. Census > it is an examination of all items in a population, it is sometimes mandated by legal requirements.
b. Sample > it looks at only selected items in a population, it is necessitated because of budget constraints.
21. Identify whether the following are parameters or statistics.
a. Parameter > the average age of all students currently enrolled at the Leeds School of Business (population of interest is only current students.)
b. Statistic > the average starting salary for 25 students from this year’s Leed’s MBA graduating class (class has 110 graduates.)
22. Which of the following characterize random sampling techniques?
a. Produces a sample representative of the target pop
b. Allows each subject the same chance of being included in the sample.
23. The sampling __ is the group from which we take the sample.
a. Frame
24. True or false: although non-random sampling techniques are considered less scientific than
random techniques they are often used for expediency.
a. True
25. Identify which of the following sampling techniques listed are random.
a. Cluster
b. Stratified
26. Sample size is determined by the inherent __ in the population of interest and the desire __ of the
parameter being estimated
a. Variability
b. Precision
27. In order to create a sample representative of the population, the analyst should use a __ sampling
technique.
a. Random
28. Identify which of the sampling technique listed are non-random.
a. Focus groups
b. Convenience
29. In sampling, __ refers to over or underestimating a population parameter of interest.
a. Bias
30. It can be difficult to ask a(n) __ question without any context in a survey.
a. Neutral
31. True or false: A survey question might be discarded if too many responses are missing or flawed.
a. True
32. When sampling from a population that has little variation (highly consistent), then the sample size
needed would be __ then the sample needed from a population with large variation.
a. Small
33. __ sampling is often used for expediency.
a. Non-random
34. Which type of error is unavoidable when sampling from a population?
a. Sampling error.
35. True or false: A survey questions should avoid overlapping classes or unclear categories.
a. True
36. Which of the followings are problems that might arise with survey data?
a. Multiple responses.
b. Inconsistent responses.
c. Unusual replies on open-ended questions.
d. Missing data values.
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